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Ertapenem sodium is a carbapenem antibiotic given into a vein for certain serious bacterial infections caused, or likely to be caused, by susceptible bacteria.
An SGLT2 inhibitor that lowers blood glucose by increasing glucose loss in urine. It is licensed for adults with insufficiently controlled type 2 diabetes alongside diet and exercise, either when metformin is unsuitable or with other diabetes treatments.
Erythromycin is a prescription macrolide antibiotic used to prevent or treat infections caused by susceptible bacteria.
A prescription skin solution combining a topical antibiotic and a retinoid. It treats acne with blocked pores, inflamed spots or both, particularly on very oily skin.
A prescription skin solution combining the macrolide antibiotic erythromycin with zinc acetate. It treats acne vulgaris by reducing acne-associated bacterial growth, while zinc supports delivery and skin healing.
Erythromycin ethylsuccinate is an oral form of erythromycin used for infections caused by susceptible bacteria, including selected respiratory, skin, ear, eye, dental and gastrointestinal infections.
Erythromycin lactobionate is an intravenous form of the macrolide antibiotic erythromycin. It treats susceptible bacterial infections when oral treatment is not possible or sufficient.
Erythromycin stearate is an oral form of the macrolide antibiotic erythromycin. It treats or prevents infections caused by susceptible bacteria, including certain respiratory, ear, mouth, skin and soft-tissue infections.
Escitalopram is a prescription antidepressant in the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It is used for depression and several anxiety-related conditions, including panic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Escitalopram oxalate is a prescription-only selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Oxalate is the salt form supplying escitalopram. Selected UK products are licensed for depression and several anxiety-related disorders.
Esketamine blocks NMDA glutamate receptors. In the UK, the nasal formulation is licensed alongside other antidepressant treatment for certain adults with major depression; the injectable formulation is used by anaesthetic specialists for anaesthesia and emergency pain relief.
Eslicarbazepine acetate is an antiseizure treatment for focal-onset seizures. It may be used alone in adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy or alongside other antiseizure treatments in adults and people aged over 6 years.
Esmolol hydrochloride is a very short-acting, selective beta blocker given into a vein in hospital for rapid, closely monitored control of a fast heart rate or perioperative high blood pressure.
This combines naproxen, an anti-inflammatory painkiller, with esomeprazole, which reduces stomach acid. It is licensed for certain inflammatory joint conditions in adults at risk of NSAID-related stomach or duodenal ulcers when lower-strength anti-inflammatory treatment is insufficient. It is not intended for rapid relief of acute pain.
Estradiol is an oestrogen identical to the hormone produced by the ovaries. As systemic hormone replacement therapy (HRT), it replaces falling oestrogen levels and relieves menopausal symptoms. Selected patches are also licensed to prevent osteoporosis in certain postmenopausal women.
Estradiol hemihydrate is a form of estradiol, an oestrogen identical in action to the main oestrogen produced by the ovaries. UK products provide systemic hormone replacement therapy (HRT) through tablets, patches or gel, or local treatment through vaginal tablets.
This continuous combined HRT patch contains estradiol and the progestogen levonorgestrel. It treats oestrogen-deficiency symptoms in postmenopausal women more than one year after menopause, while levonorgestrel helps protect the womb lining.
A combined oral contraceptive containing an oestrogen and a progestogen, licensed to prevent pregnancy.
Combined hormone replacement therapy (HRT) containing estradiol to replace declining oestrogen and norethisterone acetate to protect the womb lining. It is mainly used for menopausal oestrogen-deficiency symptoms; one selected patch product is also licensed for osteoporosis prevention in specific patients.
This oral combination suppresses ovarian hormone signalling while replacing a small amount of oestrogen and progestogen. It is used for moderate to severe uterine fibroid symptoms and for endometriosis symptoms after previous medical or surgical treatment.
A continuous combined hormone replacement therapy containing estradiol and progesterone. It relieves troublesome oestrogen-deficiency symptoms after menopause in women who still have a womb.
Estradiol valerate is converted in the body to estradiol. The selected oral product is licensed as hormone replacement therapy for oestrogen-deficiency symptoms during perimenopause and after menopause.
A continuous combined hormone replacement therapy (HRT) containing an oestrogen and a progestogen. It relieves oestrogen-deficiency symptoms after menopause in women with a uterus and may help prevent osteoporosis in selected women.
Estriol is a short-acting oestrogen used inside the vagina to relieve postmenopausal dryness, irritation and discomfort caused by oestrogen deficiency. Absorption into the rest of the body is limited.
Etanercept is a biological treatment that blocks tumour necrosis factor (TNF), an immune-system signal involved in inflammation. Specialists use it for selected inflammatory joint, spinal and skin conditions.
Etelcalcetide hydrochloride is a synthetic peptide calcimimetic that reduces parathyroid hormone levels. It treats secondary hyperparathyroidism in adults with chronic kidney disease receiving haemodialysis and is administered by the dialysis team.
Ethambutol hydrochloride is an antimycobacterial antibiotic used mainly with other medicines to treat tuberculosis. It should not be used alone because resistance can develop readily.
This prescription-only tablet combines four antibiotics that act against tuberculosis bacteria in different ways. It is licensed for initial tuberculosis treatment under specialist supervision.
Ethanol for injection is a specialist hospital treatment, not a beverage. It may be injected near nerves to interrupt severe chronic pain signals or given intravenously as an antidote for acute methanol poisoning. The selected UK product is marked discontinued on eMC.
A combined hormonal contraceptive supplied as a flexible vaginal ring. It prevents pregnancy mainly by stopping ovulation and does not protect against sexually transmitted infections.
A combined oral contraceptive containing an oestrogen and a progestogen. It is mainly used to prevent pregnancy.
A combined oral contraceptive containing synthetic oestrogen and progestogen. It is mainly used to prevent pregnancy; selected products also have specific gynaecological uses.
A contraceptive patch containing an oestrogen and a progestogen. It releases both hormones through the skin and is licensed to prevent pregnancy in women of fertile age.
Ethinylestradiol + norethisterone combines an oestrogen with a progestogen. The selected Brevinor product is licensed to prevent pregnancy.
A combined oral contraceptive containing an oestrogen and a progestogen. It prevents pregnancy and requires assessment of blood-clot risk, migraine, smoking, blood pressure and other medicines.
Ethosuximide is a succinimide antiseizure treatment used mainly for absence seizures. Some products are also licensed for selected myoclonic seizure types.
This topical rubefacient cream produces local warmth and redness to relieve rheumatic or muscular pain and symptoms of sprains and strains. The selected product is listed as discontinued.
A topical warming spray for local relief of muscle and rheumatic pain. Its ingredients act as counter-irritants and rubefacients at the application site.
Etodolac is a prescription non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It reduces pain, inflammation, swelling and stiffness associated with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Etomidate is a short-acting intravenous general anaesthetic used to produce unconsciousness at the start of anaesthesia. It does not relieve pain.
Etonogestrel is a progestogen used in a small implant placed under the skin of the upper arm. It provides reversible contraception without oestrogen.
Etoposide is cytotoxic chemotherapy that damages DNA in dividing cells. It is usually combined with other anticancer treatments for several adult cancers.
Etoposide phosphate is an intravenous chemotherapy converted in the body to etoposide. It is usually used with other anticancer treatments for several solid tumours, lymphomas and acute myeloid leukaemia.
Etoricoxib is a prescription-only selective COX-2 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It reduces pain and inflammation in joint conditions and may also be used for acute gout or pain after dental surgery.
Etranacogene dezaparvovec is an AAV5-based gene therapy that delivers a working factor IX gene to liver cells. It is used for eligible adults with moderately severe or severe haemophilia B who have no history of factor IX inhibitors.
Etrasimod arginine is an immunosuppressant called a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator. Specialists use it for moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis when conventional treatment or a biological medicine has not worked, has stopped working or cannot be tolerated.
Etravirine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used with other antiretrovirals to control HIV-1 in treatment-experienced adults and children aged 2 years and older.
Eucalyptus oil is used externally for symptom relief. The selected UK product is licensed for catarrhal cold symptoms and warming relief during massage of minor muscular sprains and cramps.
Eucalyptus oil + menthol is an aromatic inhalation for temporary relief of cough, cold and blocked-nose symptoms. It does not treat the infection causing a cold.
An aromatic ointment that releases eucalyptus, menthol and thyme vapours when warmed by the body. It provides temporary relief of upper-airway congestion, including a blocked nose.
Everolimus is an mTOR inhibitor that reduces immune-cell and abnormal cell growth signals. Selected products prevent rejection after certain adult organ transplants or treat particular brain manifestations and difficult-to-control seizures associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).
Evinacumab is a monoclonal antibody that lowers LDL cholesterol by blocking ANGPTL3. It is used alongside diet and other LDL-lowering treatments for homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia in adults and children aged 6 months and older.
Evolocumab is a monoclonal antibody that lowers LDL cholesterol by blocking PCSK9. It is used alongside diet and other lipid-lowering treatment, or when statins are unsuitable, for selected people with high cholesterol or established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
A tissue-engineered treatment made from a person’s own limbal cells, collected from the corneal edge and expanded in a laboratory. It is surgically implanted to rebuild a stable corneal surface in adults with limbal stem-cell damage from physical or chemical eye burns.
Exagamglogene autotemcel is made individually from a person’s own blood-forming stem cells, which are edited outside the body. It is licensed for selected people aged 12 years and over with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassaemia or severe sickle cell disease when stem cell transplantation is appropriate and a matched related donor is unavailable.
Exametazime is used to prepare a radioactive tracer containing technetium-99m for diagnostic brain imaging in adults. It shows patterns of blood flow within the brain but does not treat the underlying condition.
Exemestane is a steroidal aromatase inhibitor. It lowers oestrogen and treats certain hormone-sensitive breast cancers in postmenopausal women.
Ezetimibe lowers cholesterol by reducing its absorption from the small intestine. It is used with a cholesterol-lowering diet, either alongside a statin or when a statin is unsuitable or not tolerated.
This fixed-dose tablet combines ezetimibe, which reduces intestinal cholesterol absorption, with simvastatin, which reduces cholesterol production in the liver. It is used with a cholesterol-lowering diet when combination treatment is appropriate and, in selected people after acute coronary syndrome, to reduce cardiovascular events.