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Ibandronic sodium monohydrate supplies ibandronic acid, a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate that slows osteoclast-driven bone breakdown. Selected UK products are licensed for postmenopausal osteoporosis; intravenous infusion products are also licensed for breast-cancer bone metastases and tumour-induced hypercalcaemia.
Ibrutinib is a targeted anticancer treatment called a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It is used in adults with certain B-cell blood cancers, alone or alongside other cancer treatments.
Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that relieves pain, inflammation and fever. UK products include oral medicines, skin gels and specialist intravenous formulations used in hospitals.
This combines ibuprofen, an anti-inflammatory painkiller, with paracetamol, which reduces pain and fever differently. Oral products are licensed for temporary mild-to-moderate pain not adequately relieved by either ingredient alone; an intravenous formulation is licensed for acute moderate pain or fever when intravenous treatment is necessary.
This combination contains an NSAID painkiller and an oral nasal decongestant. It relieves cold and flu symptoms when congestion occurs with pain, headache, fever, sore throat or sinus pressure.
Combines ibuprofen, an NSAID, with pseudoephedrine, a decongestant, to relieve nasal or sinus congestion alongside pain or fever symptoms.
Icatibant acetate treats acute hereditary angioedema attacks caused by C1-esterase-inhibitor deficiency. It relieves attacks but does not prevent future ones.
Icosapent ethyl is a purified prescription omega-3 fatty-acid derivative converted to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Alongside a statin, it reduces cardiovascular events in selected adults with raised triglycerides and high cardiovascular risk.
Idarubicin hydrochloride is an anthracycline chemotherapy used mainly to induce remission in acute leukaemia, often with other chemotherapy. Selected oral capsules are also licensed for advanced breast cancer in particular circumstances.
Idarucizumab is a humanised antibody fragment that rapidly neutralises dabigatran’s anticoagulant effect. It is used in hospital when an adult taking dabigatran has life-threatening or uncontrolled bleeding, or needs emergency surgery or an urgent procedure.
Idebenone is an antioxidant that supports mitochondrial energy production. It is licensed for visual impairment caused by Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) in adolescents and adults, under specialist supervision.
Idecabtagene vicleucel is a personalised cancer treatment made by genetically modifying a patient’s own T cells. It is used for certain adults with multiple myeloma that has returned or not responded after previous treatments.
Idelalisib blocks PI3K-delta, a signalling enzyme important to malignant B cells. It has specialist roles in selected chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and treatment-resistant follicular lymphoma in adults.
Idursulfase is an enzyme replacement therapy for Hunter syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis II). It replaces deficient iduronate-2-sulfatase, helping cells break down glycosaminoglycans that would otherwise accumulate in tissues.
Ifosfamide is a cytotoxic chemotherapy activated in the liver that damages cancer-cell DNA. Specialist oncology teams use it for malignant disease, alone or with other anticancer treatments, radiotherapy or surgery.
Iloprost trometamol provides iloprost, a synthetic version of prostacyclin that widens blood vessels and reduces platelet clumping. Selected UK products are used for primary pulmonary hypertension or severe circulation disorders affecting the limbs.
Imatinib mesilate is a targeted anticancer treatment called a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It treats selected blood cancers and solid tumours driven by proteins such as BCR-ABL, KIT or PDGFR.
Imipramine hydrochloride is a tricyclic antidepressant. The selected UK oral solution is licensed for depressive illness and night-time bed-wetting in children.
Imiquimod is a topical immune-response modifier used in adults for external genital or perianal warts, selected superficial basal cell carcinomas and certain actinic keratoses.
Imlifidase is an immunosuppressive enzyme used before kidney transplantation. It temporarily breaks down IgG antibodies that would react against an available deceased-donor kidney, allowing some highly sensitised adults to proceed to transplantation.
Imlunestrant is an oral selective oestrogen receptor degrader. It is licensed for adults with ER-positive, HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer with an activating ESR1 mutation after progression on previous endocrine-based treatment.
Human rabies immunoglobulin is a plasma-derived preparation containing antibodies against rabies virus. It provides immediate, short-term protection after a clinically significant exposure while rabies vaccine produces a longer-lasting immune response.
Inavolisib is a targeted PI3K inhibitor for certain adults with PIK3CA-mutated, ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. It is licensed with palbociclib and fulvestrant when cancer returns during or soon after adjuvant endocrine treatment.
Inclisiran sodium is a small interfering RNA treatment that lowers LDL cholesterol by reducing PCSK9 production in the liver. It is used alongside diet and usually other cholesterol-lowering treatment when LDL cholesterol remains above the agreed goal.
Indacaterol maleate is an inhaled long-acting beta-2 agonist bronchodilator. It keeps the airways open in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but does not treat sudden breathlessness.
Indapamide is a thiazide-like diuretic used to lower high blood pressure. It reduces sodium reabsorption in the kidneys and resistance in small arteries.
This combines perindopril, an ACE inhibitor, with indapamide, a thiazide-like diuretic. The selected product is licensed for adults with essential hypertension not adequately controlled by perindopril alone.
Indapamide hemihydrate is a thiazide-like diuretic that lowers blood pressure. Selected UK products are licensed for essential hypertension in adults.
Indigo carmine is a blue diagnostic dye given into a vein during surgery. It colours urine so the surgical team can see urine flowing through the ureters and identify suspected injury during abdominal or pelvic operations.
Indometacin is a prescription non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that reduces pain, inflammation and swelling. The selected UK product is a rectal suppository licensed for several inflammatory and painful conditions.
Indoramin hydrochloride is an alpha-blocker that relaxes smooth muscle around the prostate and urinary outlet, helping urine flow in benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Infliximab is a biological treatment that blocks tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a protein involved in inflammation. Specialists use it for selected inflammatory bowel, joint, spinal and skin conditions, usually when other treatments have not worked adequately or are unsuitable.
Fluenz is a live, weakened influenza vaccine given as a nasal spray. It helps prevent influenza in eligible children and adolescents but does not protect against every circulating strain.
An injected, non-live vaccine containing inactivated surface antigens from selected influenza strains. It helps prevent influenza in adults and children from 6 months, but protection is not complete and may be weaker with immunosuppression.
Influenza virus haemagglutinin is the active antigen in a recombinant, inactivated seasonal flu vaccine. It stimulates immunity against selected influenza strains and prevents flu rather than treating an existing infection.
A trivalent, split-virus, inactivated seasonal influenza vaccine. It helps prevent influenza caused by included strains and cannot cause flu because it contains no live influenza virus.
An inactivated seasonal flu vaccine containing surface proteins from selected influenza strains. It helps prevent influenza but does not treat existing flu and cannot cause flu.
Ingenol mebutate was a topical gel for certain sun-damaged actinic keratoses in adults. Its UK licence was suspended and stock recalled in 2020 after a review concluded that its potential skin-cancer risk outweighed its benefits.
A prescription antiviral with immunomodulatory effects, licensed in the UK for mucocutaneous herpes simplex, adjunctive treatment of genital warts and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.
Inotuzumab ozogamicin is an antibody–drug conjugate licensed in the UK for adults with certain CD22-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemias that have returned or not responded to previous treatment.
Insulin aspart is a laboratory-made insulin analogue used to lower blood glucose in diabetes. Rapid-acting forms cover mealtime insulin needs and may be used in suitable pumps, while NovoMix 30 combines rapid and intermediate action.
Insulin degludec is a long-acting insulin analogue that provides background insulin coverage and lowers blood glucose. It treats diabetes in adults and children aged 1 year and over.
This fixed-ratio injection combines basal insulin degludec with the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide. It is used with oral diabetes treatments, diet and exercise to improve glucose control in adults with insufficiently controlled type 2 diabetes.
Insulin detemir is a long-acting insulin analogue that lowers blood glucose in diabetes by providing background, or basal, insulin.
Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin analogue that lowers blood glucose and provides background insulin for people with diabetes.
Insulin glulisine is a rapid-acting insulin analogue used when insulin is needed to treat diabetes. It mainly controls meal-related rises in blood glucose and can be delivered through a suitable insulin pump.
Insulin lispro is a laboratory-made insulin analogue that lowers blood glucose. Products include fast mealtime solutions and a premixed suspension combining rapid and longer activity.
Interferon beta-1a modifies immune activity. It is a disease-modifying treatment for relapsing multiple sclerosis and selected high-risk adults after a first inflammatory demyelinating event. It does not cure multiple sclerosis.
Interferon beta-1b is an immunomodulating treatment for certain active forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). It is injected under the skin and aims to reduce inflammatory disease activity rather than relieve an established symptom immediately.
Interferon gamma-1b is a recombinant immune-signalling protein used under specialist supervision to reduce serious infections in chronic granulomatous disease and severe, malignant osteopetrosis. It does not replace other infection prevention or treatment.
Iobenguane is a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical containing iodine-123. It is used in specialist imaging to locate certain tumours and assess adrenal or cardiac sympathetic tissue.
A topical antiseptic combination used to prepare intact skin before surgery and other invasive procedures, reducing bacteria and yeasts on the skin.
Different formulations have different purposes. The topical tincture is an antiseptic for minor cuts and abrasions; the aqueous oral solution is used under specialist supervision before surgery for hyperthyroidism.
Iodixanol is a non-ionic, iodine-containing contrast agent that makes certain structures clearer during X-ray-based diagnostic imaging.
Ioflupane is a radioactive diagnostic tracer used with SPECT brain imaging. It helps specialists assess dopamine-producing nerve terminals when certain movement disorders or causes of dementia are difficult to distinguish; it does not treat these conditions.
Iohexol is a non-ionic, iodine-containing X-ray contrast agent used for diagnostic procedures. It makes blood vessels, organs and body cavities easier to see during scans and specialised X-ray examinations.
Iomeprol is a non-ionic, iodine-containing X-ray contrast agent injected by trained staff to make blood vessels, organs and other structures clearer during CT scans, including CT angiography.
Iopamidol is a non-ionic, iodine-containing contrast agent that makes the digestive tract more visible on X-rays and CT images. This diagnostic liquid is given by mouth or rectally under healthcare supervision; it must not be injected.
Ipilimumab is a monoclonal-antibody immunotherapy that helps T cells attack cancer by blocking the CTLA-4 immune checkpoint. It is used in specialist cancer care, alone or in combination therapy, for several advanced cancers.
Ipratropium bromide is an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator that relaxes narrowed airways. The selected nebuliser products are used for reversible bronchospasm in COPD and, with an inhaled beta2 agonist, in asthma.