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Gabapentin is a prescription gabapentinoid used mainly for certain epileptic seizures and peripheral neuropathic pain. It is not an ordinary painkiller for everyday aches.
Gadobenate dimeglumine is a gadolinium-based contrast agent used during MRI. The selected UK product improves liver imaging when essential information cannot be obtained from an unenhanced scan and delayed imaging is needed.
Gadobutrol is a gadolinium-based contrast agent used during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It temporarily makes certain tissues, lesions and blood vessels easier to see when an unenhanced scan would not provide essential diagnostic information.
A gadolinium-based contrast agent injected directly into a joint to make structures clearer during magnetic resonance arthrography. It does not treat joint disease.
Gadoterate meglumine is a macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent used for diagnosis, not treatment. It is injected into a vein to make selected tissues, lesions and blood vessels clearer on MRI images.
Gadoteridol is a macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent injected into a vein to make certain tissues and abnormalities clearer on MRI when an unenhanced scan would not provide essential diagnostic information.
A gadolinium-based contrast agent used during liver MRI to detect and characterise focal liver lesions when an unenhanced scan is insufficient.
Galantamine hydrobromide is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used to treat symptoms of mild to moderately severe Alzheimer’s dementia. It may temporarily support memory, thinking and everyday function, but does not cure dementia or stop the underlying disease.
Galcanezumab is a humanised monoclonal antibody that blocks calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). It is licensed to prevent migraine in adults with at least four migraine days per month; it does not treat an attack that has already started.
Ganaxolone is a neuroactive steroid anti-seizure treatment. In the UK, it is used alongside other anti-seizure treatments for seizures associated with CDKL5 deficiency disorder in eligible children and adolescents. It may continue into adulthood when benefit was established earlier.
Ganciclovir limits herpes-virus replication. The selected UK eye gel is licensed for acute herpetic keratitis in adults, including dendritic and geographic corneal ulcers.
Ganciclovir sodium is a systemic antiviral that slows cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication. Selected UK products are given intravenously to treat or prevent CMV disease in immunocompromised people.
Ganirelix is a GnRH antagonist used during assisted reproduction, including IVF. It temporarily suppresses reproductive hormones to help prevent eggs being released before planned collection.
Ganirelix acetate is a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist used during assisted reproduction, including IVF. It temporarily suppresses the hormone surge that could release eggs before planned maturation and collection.
Garadacimab is a fully human monoclonal antibody used to prevent recurrent hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks in adults and adolescents aged 12 years and over. It does not treat an attack already under way.
Gefapixant citrate is a P2X3 receptor antagonist licensed for adults with chronic cough that persists despite treatment or has no identified cause.
Gefitinib is an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor for adults with locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer whose tumour has an activating EGFR mutation.
Gemcitabine hydrochloride is cytotoxic chemotherapy that interferes with DNA production in dividing cells. It is used alone or with other anticancer treatments for several advanced or metastatic solid tumours.
Gemfibrozil is a fibrate that changes how the body handles triglyceride-rich particles and other blood lipids. It is used alongside diet and lifestyle measures for severe hypertriglyceridaemia or certain cholesterol disorders when a statin is unsuitable.
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin is an antibody–drug conjugate that targets CD33-positive leukaemia cells. It is licensed with daunorubicin and cytarabine for certain people aged 15 years and over with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).
Gentamicin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used mainly for serious infections caused by susceptible bacteria. Systemic treatment is usually given in hospital, while eye and ear drops treat or prevent selected local infections.
This prescription ear preparation combines gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, with hydrocortisone acetate, a corticosteroid that reduces inflammation. It treats selected bacterial and eczematous outer-ear conditions and certain surgical ear cavities.
Gilteritinib fumarate is a targeted anticancer treatment called a protein kinase inhibitor. It is used alone for adults whose FLT3-mutated acute myeloid leukaemia has returned or has not responded to previous treatment.
Givinostat is a histone deacetylase inhibitor for Duchenne muscular dystrophy in people aged 6 years and older. It is intended to slow functional decline rather than cure the condition and has conditional UK marketing authorisation.
Givosiran sodium is a liver-targeted small interfering RNA treatment for acute hepatic porphyria. It reduces production of harmful haem precursors linked to attacks and other disease manifestations.
Glasdegib maleate is a targeted anticancer treatment that blocks Hedgehog signalling. In the UK, it is licensed with low-dose cytarabine for adults with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia who are not candidates for standard induction chemotherapy.
Glatiramer acetate is an immunomodulating treatment for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. It aims to reduce future relapses rather than relieve an attack already happening.
Glecaprevir + pibrentasvir combines two direct-acting antivirals that block hepatitis C virus replication. It is used under specialist supervision to treat chronic hepatitis C in adults and children aged 3 years and older.
Glibenclamide is a sulphonylurea that helps pancreatic beta cells release insulin. The selected UK product is licensed for neonatal diabetes in newborns, infants and children, particularly where certain genetic changes affect beta-cell potassium channels or cause transient neonatal diabetes.
Gliclazide is a sulfonylurea medicine that lowers blood glucose by increasing insulin release from the pancreas. It is licensed for adults with type 2 diabetes when lifestyle measures alone do not provide adequate control.
Glimepiride is an oral sulphonylurea that lowers blood glucose by increasing insulin release from the pancreas. It is licensed for type 2 diabetes when lifestyle measures alone have not provided adequate control.
Glipizide is a sulfonylurea that lowers blood glucose by increasing insulin release from the pancreas. The selected UK product is licensed for adults with type 2 diabetes alongside diet and exercise.
Glofitamab is a bispecific monoclonal antibody that helps T cells recognise and destroy CD20-bearing B cells. It is used in adults with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in specified licensed settings.
Glucagon is a hormone that raises blood glucose by releasing glucose stored in the liver. It is mainly used as emergency treatment for severe hypoglycaemia in insulin-treated adults and children who cannot safely take sugar by mouth. Medical professionals may also use it to reduce gut movement during certain investigations.
Glucarpidase is a recombinant enzyme that breaks down methotrexate circulating in the blood. It is used with ongoing supportive treatment when methotrexate elimination is delayed and concentrations become toxic.
Glucose is a simple sugar and the body’s main readily available energy source. Concentrated intravenous glucose is used in hospital to restore low blood glucose and in selected emergencies or nutritional support.
This is a balanced electrolyte and glucose solution given directly into a vein. It replaces fluid, supplies carbohydrate and can help correct mild to moderate metabolic acidosis.
A premixed intravenous fluid containing glucose, potassium, sodium and chloride. It replaces fluid and electrolytes while providing an energy source.
Glucose + sodium chloride is an intravenous fluid containing water, salt and glucose. It is used when water, electrolytes and carbohydrate are needed but adequate intake by a normal route is restricted.
Glucose monohydrate is a simple sugar used in intravenous solutions for carbohydrate and fluid support and as a vehicle for compatible intravenous medicines.
A glucose-containing intravenous fluid supplying sodium, potassium, magnesium, chloride and acetate. It is used when normal intake does not provide enough water, carbohydrate or electrolytes.
This intravenous solution contains potassium, chloride and glucose. It is used to prevent or correct potassium deficiency while providing a basic source of energy.
An intravenous solution containing glucose and the electrolytes potassium, sodium and chloride. It is used in hospital to restore or maintain fluid and electrolyte balance when an energy source is also needed.
An intravenous solution containing glucose, sodium chloride and water. Selected products replace fluid and electrolytes while providing carbohydrate; licensed uses differ by formulation.
Concentrated glucose is given into a vein by healthcare professionals. It raises blood glucose and supplies carbohydrate energy, including in parenteral nutrition. Selected products are also licensed for temporary relief in hypoglycaemic coma and increased intracranial pressure.
Glycerol soothes an irritated throat in oral cough syrups. In suppositories, it softens and lubricates stool while stimulating the lower bowel.
A soothing oral solution for irritating, tickly dry coughs and sore throats. It coats irritated throat surfaces rather than treating the underlying cause.
Glycerol + sucrose is a soothing oral syrup for irritating, tickly dry coughs and sore throats. It coats and moistens irritated throat tissues, relieving symptoms rather than treating the underlying cause.
Glycerol phenylbutyrate is a nitrogen-binding treatment for adults and children with certain urea cycle disorders. It supports long-term ammonia control when dietary protein restriction and supplements are insufficient. It does not treat an acute ammonia crisis.
Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) widens blood vessels and relaxes smooth muscle. It is used for angina; selected products treat chronic anal-fissure pain or provide monitored cardiovascular treatment in hospital.
Glycopyrronium blocks acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors. Depending on the formulation, it is used for COPD, severe drooling, underarm sweating, or around surgery.
A three-component inhaled controller containing two long-acting bronchodilators and an inhaled corticosteroid. It is used for selected adults whose asthma remains inadequately controlled despite combination inhaled treatment and who have had a recent exacerbation.
This inhaler combines two long-acting bronchodilators. It is licensed to relieve COPD symptoms in adults as maintenance treatment and is not a rescue inhaler.
An injectable combination used after anaesthesia to reverse residual muscle relaxation caused by certain non-depolarising neuromuscular blockers. Neostigmine restores nerve-to-muscle signalling, while glycopyrronium limits effects such as a slow heart rate and excessive saliva.
Golimumab is a biological treatment that blocks tumour necrosis factor alpha, a protein involved in inflammation. Specialists use it for certain inflammatory joint, spinal and bowel conditions.
Gonadorelin hydrochloride is a synthetic form of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone. It is used in a supervised diagnostic test to assess pituitary release of luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone.
Goserelin acetate is a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist supplied as a biodegradable implant. It suppresses testosterone or oestrogen and is used mainly for hormone-sensitive prostate or breast cancer, with selected uses in gynaecology and assisted reproduction.
Gozetotide is a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical used with gallium-68 for PET imaging. It helps locate prostate cancer lesions that express prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA); it does not treat cancer.
Granisetron is an anti-sickness treatment that blocks serotonin 5-HT3 receptors involved in vomiting. The selected skin patch is licensed for adults receiving multi-day chemotherapy when swallowing anti-sickness tablets is difficult.
Granisetron hydrochloride is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used mainly to prevent or treat nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The injectable form is also licensed around surgery.