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Flucloxacillin sodium is a prescription penicillin antibiotic that kills susceptible bacteria. It is mainly used for susceptible staphylococcal and streptococcal infections, particularly of the skin, wounds and bones, and some respiratory or ear infections. Injectable forms are generally used in hospital when oral treatment is unsuitable or for certain serious infections.
Fluoxetine hydrochloride is a prescription selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant. It is mainly used for depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and, with psychotherapy, bulimia nervosa.
Fomepizole blocks the conversion of ethylene glycol into more harmful chemicals. The selected UK product is licensed for confirmed or suspected ethylene glycol poisoning and is given in hospital. Specialist use for methanol poisoning is established but not licensed for this product.
Formoterol is an inhaled long-acting beta2 agonist that relaxes airway muscle and makes breathing easier. The selected product is used alongside inhaled corticosteroids for asthma and to relieve symptoms in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Futibatinib is a targeted cancer treatment that irreversibly blocks fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs). In the UK, it is used alone for selected adults with advanced bile duct cancer whose tumour has an FGFR2 fusion or rearrangement and has progressed after previous systemic treatment.
Ganaxolone is a neuroactive steroid anti-seizure treatment. In the UK, it is used alongside other anti-seizure treatments for seizures associated with CDKL5 deficiency disorder in eligible children and adolescents. It may continue into adulthood when benefit was established earlier.
Garadacimab is a fully human monoclonal antibody used to prevent recurrent hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks in adults and adolescents aged 12 years and over. It does not treat an attack already under way.
Givinostat is a histone deacetylase inhibitor for Duchenne muscular dystrophy in people aged 6 years and older. It is intended to slow functional decline rather than cure the condition and has conditional UK marketing authorisation.
Glucarpidase is a recombinant enzyme that breaks down methotrexate circulating in the blood. It is used with ongoing supportive treatment when methotrexate elimination is delayed and concentrations become toxic.
Glycopyrronium blocks acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors. Depending on the formulation, it is used for COPD, severe drooling, underarm sweating, or around surgery.
Hydrated disodium ceftriaxone is the salt form of ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is injected or infused to treat susceptible bacterial infections.
Hydroxocobalamin is an injectable form of vitamin B12 used to prevent or treat vitamin B12 deficiency and related anaemia. Cyanokit is a specialised intravenous emergency antidote for known or suspected cyanide poisoning.
Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that relieves pain, inflammation and fever. UK products include oral medicines, skin gels and specialist intravenous formulations used in hospitals.
Idecabtagene vicleucel is a personalised cancer treatment made by genetically modifying a patient’s own T cells. It is used for certain adults with multiple myeloma that has returned or not responded after previous treatments.
Imlunestrant is an oral selective oestrogen receptor degrader. It is licensed for adults with ER-positive, HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer with an activating ESR1 mutation after progression on previous endocrine-based treatment.
Inavolisib is a targeted PI3K inhibitor for certain adults with PIK3CA-mutated, ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. It is licensed with palbociclib and fulvestrant when cancer returns during or soon after adjuvant endocrine treatment.
Influenza virus haemagglutinin is the active antigen in a recombinant, inactivated seasonal flu vaccine. It stimulates immunity against selected influenza strains and prevents flu rather than treating an existing infection.
A trivalent, split-virus, inactivated seasonal influenza vaccine. It helps prevent influenza caused by included strains and cannot cause flu because it contains no live influenza virus.
An inactivated seasonal flu vaccine containing surface proteins from selected influenza strains. It helps prevent influenza but does not treat existing flu and cannot cause flu.
A topical antiseptic combination used to prepare intact skin before surgery and other invasive procedures, reducing bacteria and yeasts on the skin.
Lazertinib is an oral EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor licensed with amivantamab as first-line treatment for adults with advanced non-small cell lung cancer carrying an EGFR exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R mutation.
Leniolisib phosphate is a selective PI3K-delta inhibitor used to treat activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome (APDS), a rare inherited immune disorder. Specialist management remains necessary for infections and other complications.
Lercanidipine hydrochloride is a calcium-channel blocker that relaxes blood vessels and lowers blood pressure. It is licensed for mild to moderate essential hypertension in adults.
Levothyroxine sodium is a manufactured form of thyroxine, a hormone normally made by the thyroid gland. It mainly replaces missing thyroid hormone in hypothyroidism, helping restore normal body functions.
Linzagolix is an oral gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist that lowers ovarian oestrogen and progesterone production. It is licensed for moderate to severe uterine fibroid symptoms and, after previous medical or surgical treatment, symptomatic endometriosis in adults of reproductive age.
Lisinopril dihydrate provides lisinopril, a prescription angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It relaxes blood vessels and reduces strain on the heart. Licensed uses include hypertension, symptomatic heart failure, treatment after acute myocardial infarction and certain diabetic kidney disease.
Lisocabtagene maraleucel is a personalised cellular immunotherapy made from a patient’s own T cells. The cells are genetically modified to recognise CD19 and treat certain relapsed or treatment-resistant B-cell lymphomas in adults at specialist centres.
Losartan potassium is a prescription angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). It lowers blood pressure and is licensed for hypertension, certain kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes, selected people with heart failure, and stroke-risk reduction in a defined hypertension group.
Macrogol 3350 with potassium chloride, sodium chloride and sodium hydrogen carbonate is an osmotic laxative with electrolytes. It softens stools and is used for constipation and faecal impaction. Licensed ages vary by product.
Marstacimab is a monoclonal antibody that helps blood clot by blocking tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). It prevents or reduces bleeding in eligible people with severe haemophilia A or B without factor inhibitors.
A live attenuated vaccine containing weakened measles, mumps, rubella and varicella-zoster viruses. It stimulates immunity against all four infections and is used in the routine UK childhood immunisation programme.
Metformin hydrochloride is a biguanide medicine that lowers blood glucose without directly stimulating insulin release. It is mainly used with diet and physical activity for type 2 diabetes, alone or with other diabetes medicines.
Mirvetuximab soravtansine is a targeted anticancer treatment combining an antibody with a cell-killing payload. It treats certain FRα-positive ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancers resistant to platinum-based treatment.
A non-replicating live-virus vaccine that trains the immune system to recognise related orthopoxviruses. It is licensed in adults against smallpox, mpox and disease caused by vaccinia virus, and is used according to official recommendations.
Mometasone furoate is a corticosteroid that reduces inflammation. Depending on the formulation, it prevents asthma symptoms, relieves allergic inflammation inside the nose, or treats inflamed, itchy skin and scalp conditions.
Montelukast sodium is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist used mainly to prevent and control asthma symptoms. It is generally an add-on treatment and does not replace a reliever inhaler during an asthma attack.
Morphine sulfate is a strong opioid painkiller for severe pain. It is available as immediate-release and prolonged-release oral products and as injections used in supervised healthcare settings.
The active component of an updated mRNA COVID-19 vaccine targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron LP.8.1 spike protein. The selected product is licensed for people aged 12 years and over, in accordance with official recommendations.
Mrna-1273.251 is an mRNA vaccine that trains the immune system to recognise the LP.8.1 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. It is licensed to prevent COVID-19 in people aged 6 months and older, guided by current official recommendations.
Nemolizumab is a monoclonal antibody that blocks interleukin-31 receptor signalling, a pathway involved in itch and skin inflammation. In the UK, it is licensed for eligible people with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis or prurigo nodularis.
Nirogacestat dihydrobromide is an oral gamma-secretase inhibitor licensed in the UK as monotherapy for adults with progressing desmoid tumours who require systemic treatment.
Nirsevimab is a monoclonal antibody that provides passive protection against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). It is licensed to prevent RSV lower respiratory tract disease in infants and vulnerable young children, while NHS use is targeted to selected higher-risk groups.
Nitrofurantoin is a nitrofuran antibiotic used mainly to treat or prevent uncomplicated urinary tract infections. It concentrates in urine, so it is not suitable for most infections elsewhere in the body.
A personalised CAR T-cell therapy made by genetically modifying a patient’s own T cells to recognise CD19. It is licensed for adults whose B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia has returned or not responded to treatment.
Olezarsen sodium is a liver-targeted antisense treatment that lowers apolipoprotein C-III and triglycerides. In the UK, it is licensed alongside dietary management for adults with genetically confirmed familial chylomicronaemia syndrome.
Omaveloxolone is an oral treatment that activates the Nrf2 pathway, which helps cells respond to oxidative stress. In the UK, it is licensed to treat Friedreich’s ataxia in adults and adolescents aged 16 years and older.
Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that reduces stomach acid. It is used for reflux and acid-related ulcers, including ulcer prevention in some people taking NSAIDs and with antibiotics for Helicobacter pylori infection.
Parecoxib is an injectable NSAID that selectively inhibits COX-2 after conversion to valdecoxib. In the UK, it is licensed for postoperative pain in adults.
Pazopanib is an oral targeted cancer treatment called a protein kinase inhibitor. It is licensed in adults for advanced renal cell carcinoma and selected advanced soft-tissue sarcomas in defined settings.
Perindopril erbumine is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It lowers blood pressure and can reduce further cardiac events in certain people with stable coronary artery disease.
Phenoxymethylpenicillin potassium, also called penicillin V, is an oral penicillin antibiotic. It treats selected bacterial infections and can prevent certain infections in people at increased risk. It does not treat viral infections.
Phentolamine mesilate is a short-acting alpha blocker that relaxes blood vessels and lowers blood pressure. In the UK, this injection is used in hospital for sudden hypertension associated with phaeochromocytoma around surgery and, when better tests are unavailable or inconclusive, as a diagnostic test.
Pirtobrutinib is an oral targeted cancer treatment called a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor. In adults, it is used alone for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and for previously treated mantle cell lymphoma in specified circumstances.
An inactivated bacterial vaccine that helps the immune system recognise selected types of Streptococcus pneumoniae. It reduces the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia; selected products also prevent pneumococcal acute otitis media in children.
An inactivated conjugate vaccine that helps the immune system recognise selected types of Streptococcus pneumoniae. It is licensed to prevent invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia in adults and eligible children and adolescents who have completed primary pneumococcal vaccination.
Prednisolone is a prescription corticosteroid that reduces inflammation and suppresses excessive immune activity. It controls symptoms in many inflammatory, allergic, autoimmune and other steroid-responsive conditions but usually does not cure the underlying condition.
Prednisolone sodium metasulphobenzoate is a corticosteroid for rectal use. It acts mainly on the inflamed lining of the rectum and lower bowel to treat ulcerative colitis; the foam is also licensed for proctitis.
Promethazine hydrochloride is a sedating antihistamine with anti-sickness, anticholinergic and calming effects. Selected UK products are licensed for allergies, nausea or vomiting, temporary sleep disturbance and sedation in specific clinical settings.
Propranolol hydrochloride is a prescription-only, non-selective beta blocker. It treats several heart and circulation conditions and can prevent migraine and reduce physical symptoms of anxiety, tremor and excess thyroid hormone.