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Solriamfetol hydrochloride is a wake-promoting treatment for adults with excessive daytime sleepiness caused by narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnoea. In obstructive sleep apnoea, it supplements rather than replaces treatment for the underlying airway obstruction.
Somapacitan is a long-acting form of recombinant human growth hormone. It replaces growth hormone in adults with growth hormone deficiency and supports growth in children and adolescents whose growth failure is caused by this deficiency.
Somatrogon is a long-acting recombinant growth hormone treatment for children and adolescents aged 3 years and over whose growth is affected by insufficient growth hormone secretion.
Somatropin is a laboratory-made version of human growth hormone. Specialists use it to replace deficient growth hormone and to support growth or body composition in certain licensed childhood conditions.
Sorafenib tosilate is an oral targeted cancer treatment that blocks several protein kinases involved in tumour growth and blood-vessel formation. In the UK, the selected product is licensed for certain liver, kidney and differentiated thyroid cancers under specialist supervision.
Sotalol hydrochloride is a beta blocker with an additional action on the heart's electrical recovery phase. It is used to treat or prevent selected serious ventricular and supraventricular heart rhythm disorders.
Sotorasib is a targeted anticancer treatment that blocks abnormal KRAS G12C signalling. In the UK, it is licensed for certain adults with previously treated, locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer confirmed to carry this mutation.
Soya oil is used in an emollient bath additive for dry skin associated with conditions such as dermatitis and eczema. It disperses through bath water and leaves an oily film that helps reduce moisture loss.
Spesolimab is a targeted monoclonal antibody that reduces inflammation by blocking the interleukin-36 receptor. It is used alone under specialist supervision to treat generalised pustular psoriasis flares in adults and adolescents aged 12 years and over.
Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic and aldosterone blocker. It is mainly used for heart failure or fluid build-up; selected products are also licensed for primary aldosteronism and high blood pressure.
St John’s wort is a herbal product made from Hypericum perforatum. Selected products are traditionally used to relieve slightly low mood and mild anxiety; this is based on traditional use rather than clinical evidence of effectiveness.
This is allergen immunotherapy containing standardised extracts from two common house dust mite species. It is used to reduce immune sensitivity in selected people whose house dust mite respiratory allergy remains troublesome despite symptom-relieving treatment.
This is allergen immunotherapy containing a standardised extract of white birch pollen. It is used for confirmed moderate-to-severe allergic nose and/or eye symptoms caused by the birch-related tree pollen group when symptom-relieving treatments have not provided adequate control.
Stiripentol is an antiseizure medicine used for Dravet syndrome. In the UK, it is licensed alongside clobazam and valproate when generalised tonic-clonic seizures remain inadequately controlled.
Streptozocin is a cytotoxic nitrosourea chemotherapy that damages cancer-cell DNA. It is licensed with fluorouracil for certain progressive or symptomatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours that cannot be removed surgically or have spread.
Sufentanil citrate is a potent opioid painkiller. The selected UK product is used for acute moderate to severe pain in adults and is placed under the tongue by a healthcare professional in a medically monitored setting.
Sugammadex sodium is used by anaesthetists to reverse certain muscle-relaxing agents used during anaesthesia, helping muscle function and breathing recover.
Sulfadiazine is an oral sulfonamide antibiotic that stops susceptible organisms multiplying. Its use is limited and often specialist-led; it includes susceptible infections and non-licensed combination treatment of toxoplasmosis.
This combination antibiotic, also called co-trimoxazole, is used for selected susceptible infections. It also has roles in treating or preventing Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and toxoplasmosis, and in treating nocardiosis.
Sulfasalazine is an anti-inflammatory aminosalicylate and disease-modifying antirheumatic treatment. Selected products are licensed for inflammatory bowel disease; gastro-resistant tablets are also licensed for rheumatoid arthritis.
Sulfur hexafluoride is an ultrasound contrast agent containing tiny gas-filled bubbles. It improves ultrasound signals so clinicians can see the heart, blood vessels, tissue blood flow or urinary tract more clearly when an unenhanced scan is inconclusive.
Sulpiride is a substituted benzamide antipsychotic licensed in the selected products for acute and chronic schizophrenia. It works by blocking dopamine signalling in the brain.
Sumatriptan is a triptan used to treat a migraine attack after it has started; it does not prevent attacks. The selected nasal spray is licensed for acute migraine with or without aura.
Sumatriptan succinate supplies sumatriptan, a triptan that treats an attack after it has started rather than preventing future attacks. Selected tablets are licensed for migraine, while selected subcutaneous injections are licensed for migraine and cluster headache.
Sunitinib is an oral targeted anticancer treatment called a protein kinase inhibitor. It is licensed for certain gastrointestinal stromal tumours, advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and progressive pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours in adults.
Sunitinib malate is an oral protein kinase inhibitor used by specialist cancer teams for certain advanced kidney cancers, gastrointestinal stromal tumours and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours.
Suxamethonium chloride is a short-acting depolarising neuromuscular blocker used to relax skeletal muscles during general anaesthesia. It causes paralysis, including of the breathing muscles, but does not cause unconsciousness or relieve pain.
Tacalcitol monohydrate is a vitamin D analogue applied to the skin. It is used to treat psoriasis vulgaris in adults by reducing excessive skin-cell production and inflammation.
Tacrolimus is a calcineurin-inhibitor immunosuppressant that reduces T-cell activity. It is mainly used after organ transplantation to prevent rejection or treat rejection not responding to other immunosuppressants. The selected intravenous product is for specialist hospital use.
Tacrolimus is a calcineurin-inhibiting immunosuppressant. Oral formulations help prevent or treat rejection after organ transplantation, while tacrolimus ointment treats selected people with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
Tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor that relaxes certain blood vessels and smooth muscle. Selected UK products are licensed for erectile dysfunction or pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Tafamidis is a prescription transthyretin-stabilising treatment for adults with transthyretin amyloidosis affecting the heart. It is used for wild-type and hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy alongside standard care.
Tafamidis meglumine is a transthyretin stabiliser used for adults with stage 1 symptomatic transthyretin amyloid polyneuropathy. It is intended to delay further peripheral nerve impairment rather than remove amyloid already deposited.
Tafasitamab is an antibody treatment that targets CD19 on B cells. In the UK, it is used with other treatments for certain adults with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or follicular lymphoma.
Tafluprost is a prostaglandin analogue eye drop that lowers pressure inside the eye. It is licensed for adults with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
This preservative-free eye-drop combination contains tafluprost, a prostaglandin analogue, and timolol, a beta blocker. It lowers pressure inside the eye in adults with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension when either type of eye drop alone has not lowered pressure sufficiently.
Talazoparib tosylate is a targeted anticancer treatment called a PARP inhibitor. It is licensed for certain advanced HER2-negative breast cancers with an inherited BRCA mutation and, with enzalutamide, for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer when chemotherapy is not clinically indicated.
Talimogene laherparepvec is a genetically modified, weakened herpes simplex virus type 1 injected directly into melanoma lesions. It is used in selected adults whose melanoma cannot be removed surgically and has spread regionally or to certain distant sites without visceral disease.
Talquetamab is a bispecific antibody that helps T cells recognise and destroy multiple myeloma cells. It is used alone for adults whose myeloma has returned or stopped responding after several specified previous treatments.
Tamoxifen citrate is a selective oestrogen receptor modulator that blocks oestrogen signalling in breast tissue. It is mainly used to treat breast cancer and can reduce breast cancer risk in appropriately assessed women.
Tapentadol hydrochloride is a strong opioid painkiller that also increases noradrenaline signalling involved in pain control. Selected products are licensed for moderate-to-severe acute pain or severe chronic pain when opioid analgesia is required.
Tapentadol is a strong opioid painkiller that also increases noradrenaline activity in pain pathways. The selected prolonged-release product is licensed for adults with severe chronic pain that can only be adequately managed with an opioid.
Tapentadol phosphate is a strong opioid painkiller that also increases noradrenaline activity in pain pathways. The selected prolonged-release products are licensed for severe chronic pain in adults when opioid treatment is needed.
Tapentadol tartrate is a strong opioid painkiller that also increases noradrenaline signalling involved in pain control. The selected prolonged-release product is licensed for severe chronic pain that can be adequately managed only with opioid analgesics, in adults and children over 6 years.
Tauroselcholic acid is a radiolabelled synthetic bile acid used only for diagnostic testing. Scans measure bile acid retention to help investigate bile acid malabsorption and related chronic diarrhoea.
Tea tree oil is an essential oil from Melaleuca alternifolia. The selected product is a traditional herbal medicinal product used on the skin, or diluted as a mouth rinse, for several minor conditions; these uses are based on traditional use rather than demonstrated clinical efficacy.
Tebentafusp is a targeted immunotherapy that brings T cells into contact with uveal melanoma cells displaying a specific gp100 target. In the UK, it is licensed as monotherapy for HLA-A*02:01-positive adults whose uveal melanoma cannot be removed surgically or has spread.
Teclistamab is a bispecific antibody that helps T cells recognise and destroy multiple myeloma cells. It is licensed alone for adults whose myeloma has returned and is resistant to treatment after specified previous therapies.
Tedizolid phosphate is an oxazolidinone antibiotic converted in the body to active tedizolid. It is used for acute bacterial infections of the skin and tissues beneath it, particularly those caused by susceptible Gram-positive bacteria.
Teduglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-2 analogue used for stable short bowel syndrome after surgery. It improves absorption of fluid and nutrients and may reduce the need for intravenous nutrition or fluids.
Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic used mainly for serious infections caused by susceptible Gram-positive bacteria. Selected products are also licensed as an oral alternative for Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhoea and colitis.
Telbivudine is a nucleoside analogue antiviral that suppresses hepatitis B virus replication. The selected product was indicated for certain adults with chronic hepatitis B and compensated liver disease, but is listed as discontinued.
Telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker that relaxes blood vessels and lowers blood pressure. In adults, it is licensed for essential hypertension and for reducing cardiovascular illness in certain people at high cardiovascular risk.
Temozolomide is an oral alkylating chemotherapy for particular malignant brain tumours. It is licensed with radiotherapy and then alone for newly diagnosed glioblastoma, and for recurrent or progressive malignant glioma after standard treatment.
Temsirolimus is a targeted anticancer treatment that inhibits mTOR, a protein involved in cell growth and division. It is licensed for selected adults with advanced renal cell carcinoma and relapsed or treatment-resistant mantle cell lymphoma.
Tenecteplase is a recombinant thrombolytic that dissolves fibrin within blood clots. In the UK, selected products are licensed for emergency hospital treatment of eligible adults with acute ischaemic stroke or certain acute heart attacks.
Tenofovir alafenamide fumarate is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor antiviral and a prodrug of tenofovir. It suppresses chronic hepatitis B virus replication, helping to limit ongoing liver injury, but does not prevent transmission to others.
Tenofovir disoproxil reduces replication of HIV and hepatitis B virus. It is licensed for HIV treatment with other antiretrovirals and for specified patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor that reduces replication of HIV and hepatitis B virus. It is used with other antiretrovirals for HIV and may be used for chronic hepatitis B.
Tenofovir disoproxil succinate is an antiviral nucleotide analogue used with other antiretrovirals for HIV-1 and to suppress chronic hepatitis B.