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Avatrombopag maleate is an oral thrombopoietin receptor agonist that helps bone marrow produce more platelets. In adults, it is used for severe thrombocytopenia associated with chronic liver disease before an invasive procedure, or primary chronic immune thrombocytopenia that has not responded to other treatments.
Avelumab is a monoclonal antibody immunotherapy that blocks PD-L1, helping immune cells recognise and attack some cancers. It is used in adults for certain advanced skin, urinary-tract and kidney cancers, either alone or with axitinib.
An intravenous antibiotic combination for adults, mainly used in hospital for serious infections, including when treatment options are limited. Aztreonam kills susceptible Gram-negative bacteria and avibactam blocks enzymes that could destroy it.
An intravenous antibiotic combining ceftazidime with avibactam, which protects ceftazidime from certain bacterial resistance enzymes. It is mainly used in hospital for serious complicated infections and selected aerobic Gram-negative infections when treatment options are limited.
Axicabtagene ciloleucel is a personalised cancer immunotherapy made by genetically modifying a patient’s own T cells. It is used in specialist centres for certain adult B-cell lymphomas that have not responded to treatment or have returned.
Axitinib is a targeted anti-cancer treatment called a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The selected UK product is licensed for adults with advanced renal cell carcinoma whose disease has progressed after previous sunitinib or cytokine treatment.
Azacitidine changes gene activity and disrupts the growth of abnormal blood-forming cells. Injectable azacitidine treats certain myelodysplastic syndromes and leukaemias; oral azacitidine is maintenance treatment for some adults whose acute myeloid leukaemia is in remission.
Azathioprine is an immunosuppressant that reduces immune-system activity. It helps prevent organ rejection and control selected inflammatory, autoimmune and blood disorders, usually under specialist supervision.
Azelaic acid is a topical anti-acne treatment with anti-inflammatory effects. Selected UK products treat acne; the gel is also licensed for papulopustular rosacea.
Azelastine hydrochloride is an antihistamine eye drop for seasonal and year-round allergic eye inflammation. It does not treat eye infections.
This nasal spray combines the antihistamine azelastine with the corticosteroid fluticasone. It treats moderate to severe seasonal or year-round allergic rhinitis when either nasal treatment alone is not considered sufficient.
Azilsartan medoxomil potassium is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) licensed to treat essential hypertension in adults. It relaxes blood vessels and lowers blood pressure.
Azithromycin dihydrate provides azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic for selected infections caused by susceptible bacteria. It is available in oral, intravenous and eye-drop formulations and does not treat viral infections.
Aztreonam lysine is an inhaled monobactam antibiotic used in cystic fibrosis. It suppresses chronic lung infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa rather than treating cystic fibrosis itself.