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Acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure — SCE Respiratory MCQ

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HardRespiratory FailureAcute hypoxaemic respiratory failureSCE Respiratory

A 54-year-old woman with severe bilateral pneumonia is hypoxaemic despite 15 L/min oxygen. She is alert, pH is 7.43, PaCO2 4.6 kPa and PaO2 7.4 kPa. There is no hypercapnia and no cardiogenic pulmonary oedema. What is the most appropriate ventilation strategy?

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Correct answer: BHigh-flow nasal oxygen with close critical care monitoring

Severe acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure without hypercapnia may be supported with high-flow nasal oxygen while monitoring for deterioration and need for intubation. Normal PaCO2 does not make severe hypoxaemia safe. LTOT is not assessed during acute pneumonia, and domiciliary CPAP is not an acute monitored strategy.

Reference: BTS Oxygen Guideline 2017; Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine Guidance