What are the indications for joint injection and aspiration in patients with osteoarthritis?
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
clinical q&a library
Explore a database of clinical questions answered by iatroX, referencing established clinical guidelines, SmPCs, and peer-reviewed literature.
What follow-up is recommended for infants discharged with jaundice after initial assessment?
For infants discharged with jaundice after initial assessment, follow-up should include urgent measurement and recording of the serum bilirubin level...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the indications for referring a newborn with jaundice to a specialist?
Refer a newborn with jaundice to a specialist if there is suspected or obvious jaundice in the first 24 hours of life and urgent medical review is needed to ...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
How do I differentiate between physiological and pathological jaundice in newborns?
Physiological jaundice typically appears after 24 hours of life, peaks around 3-5 days, and resolves within 1-2 weeks in term infants. It is...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
At what bilirubin level should I consider phototherapy for a neonate with jaundice?
Phototherapy should be considered in babies with a serum bilirubin level that exceeds the management thresholds specified in the threshold table and treatmen...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the key clinical features to assess in a newborn presenting with jaundice?
When assessing a newborn presenting with jaundice, key clinical features to evaluate include:Visual inspection of jaundice: Exam...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What follow-up investigations are recommended for adults with unexplained jaundice after initial assessment?
Follow-up investigations for adults with unexplained jaundice after initial assessment include:Referral for urgent imaging, typi...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the indications for urgent referral to secondary care in adults with jaundice?
Indications for urgent referral to secondary care in adults presenting with jaundice include:Adults aged 40 and over presenting ...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What initial blood tests should I order for an adult patient presenting with jaundice?
For an adult patient presenting with jaundice, initial blood tests should include liver function tests such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amin...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
How often should I monitor serum ferritin and transferrin saturation in patients at risk of iron overload?
Serum ferritin and transferrin saturation levels should be monitored every 1 to 3 months in patients at risk of iron overload to routinely assess iron stores...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What chelation therapy options are available for patients with iron overload, and how do I determine the appropriate choice?
Available Chelation Therapy Options for Iron Overload: The provided UK guideline context (NG203) on chronic kidney disease and anaemia manag...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
How should I manage a patient with confirmed iron overload due to chronic transfusion therapy?
Management of a patient with confirmed iron overload due to chronic transfusion therapy primarily involves the initiation of iron chelation therapy to reduce...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the recommended screening tests for iron overload in patients with a history of multiple blood transfusions?
Recommended screening tests for iron overload in patients with a history of multiple blood transfusions include routine monitoring of serum ferritin ...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What lifestyle modifications can I advise to a patient with concerns about sexual function?
Advise the patient on several lifestyle modifications that can support sexual function. Encourage maintaining a healthy weight, as weight lo...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What criteria should I use to refer a patient for specialist assessment in cases of male infertility?
Criteria for referring a male patient for specialist assessment in cases of infertility include:Men with abnormal semen analysis...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
How can I differentiate between symmetrical and asymmetrical IUGR during clinical assessment?
Symmetrical and asymmetrical intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can be differentiated during clinical assessment primarily through ultrasound bio...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What management strategies should be implemented for a patient with IUGR to minimize risks to the fetus?
Management strategies for a patient with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) to minimize fetal risks include:Offer risk asses...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the indications for referring a patient with suspected IUGR to a specialist for further evaluation?
Refer a patient with suspected intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) to a specialist for further evaluation if:There is a concern of small for g...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
How should I monitor a patient diagnosed with IUGR throughout their pregnancy to ensure optimal outcomes?
To monitor a patient diagnosed with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) throughout pregnancy and ensure optimal outcomes, follow these steps:...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the key ultrasound criteria for diagnosing intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in a pregnant patient?
Key ultrasound criteria to diagnose intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) include:Estimated fetal weight (EFW) below the 10th p...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →