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Vulnerable Groups — DFSRH MCQ

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HardVulnerable GroupsDFSRH

A 26-year-old woman with a moderate learning disability attends an SRH clinic with her mother, who requests an etonogestrel implant because pregnancy would be difficult for the family to manage. The woman lives in supported accommodation and communicates using short phrases and Makaton. Her mother has no health and welfare lasting power of attorney. No accessible contraceptive counselling or decision-specific capacity assessment has occurred. During the consultation, the woman becomes quiet when her mother answers for her. Her mother reports that a male resident has twice been found in the woman's bedroom and that staff recently noticed unexplained bruising on her inner thighs. A urine pregnancy test is negative and there is no known recent unprotected intercourse or acute injury. What is the most appropriate immediate management?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: ASee the woman separately with communication support, assess capacity specifically for contraception, raise an adult safeguarding concern now and defer insertion pending valid authorisation

Explanation lettering: B = shown as A · A = shown as B · E = shown as C · C = shown as D · D = shown as E

Learning disability does not establish incapacity. The clinician must first take all practicable steps to support this woman to decide, including accessible information, Makaton or specialist communication assistance and an opportunity to speak without her mother. Capacity is decision- and time-specific: capacity to choose contraception is distinct from capacity to consent to sexual relations. The male resident's repeated presence and unexplained inner-thigh bruising create reasonable cause to suspect sexual abuse. Safeguarding action should therefore begin now rather than awaiting proof, disclosure or an internal provider investigation. Contraception may reduce pregnancy risk but does not address abuse and must not be imposed as a substitute for protection. A is incorrect because an adult's parent cannot consent merely by virtue of the family relationship. C reverses the required sequence: a recorded finding of incapacity must precede any best-interests decision, and the woman's wishes and less restrictive options must be considered. D gives emergency contraception without an identified exposure and improperly delays external safeguarding. E is premature; most contraceptive decisions can follow ordinary Mental Capacity Act processes. Court involvement may become necessary if there is serious dispute or a particularly grave or contested intervention, but not before supported assessment and immediate safeguarding action.

Reference: Decision-making and mental capacity: Recommendations (NG108) (Published 3 October 2018; current guidance checked 19 August 2026) — https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng108/chapter/Recommendations Safeguarding adults in care homes: Recommendations (NG189) (2021; current guidance checked 19 August 2026) — https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng189/chapter/recommendations FSRH Clinical Guideline: Progestogen-only Injectable Contraception (December 2014; amended July 2023) — https://www.fsrh.org/Common/Uploaded%20files/documents/progestogen-only-injectable-december-2014-amended-11july2023.pdf