Enthesitis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritis — SCE Rheumatology MCQ

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HardPaediatric rheumatologyEnthesitis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritisSCE Rheumatology

A 13-year-old has inflammatory back pain, heel enthesitis, knee arthritis, HLA-B27 positivity and previous acute anterior uveitis. Which ILAR category fits this pattern?

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Correct answer: D — The enthesitis-related category

The adolescent phenotype of enthesitis, axial inflammation, lower-limb arthritis, HLA-B27 and acute anterior uveitis fits the enthesitis-related JIA category. It is distinct from oligoarticular, systemic, psoriatic and RF-positive polyarticular categories.

Reference: NICE TA373: biologic treatments for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (Published December 2015): https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta373/chapter/1-Recommendations; NHS England: biologic therapies for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (Published July 2015; updated April 2026): https://www.england.nhs.uk/publication/biologic-therapies-for-the-treatment-of-juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis-jia/