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Medullary thyroid carcinoma — SCE Endocrinology MCQ

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HardThyroidMedullary thyroid carcinomaSCE Endocrinology

A 47-year-old man has a thyroid nodule and diarrhoea. Serum calcitonin is markedly raised and FNA suggests medullary thyroid carcinoma. What is the most appropriate associated screening?

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Correct answer: D — Screen for RET-related MEN2 and phaeochromocytoma

Medullary thyroid carcinoma may occur in MEN2, so RET testing and phaeochromocytoma assessment are essential before thyroid surgery. Radioiodine is ineffective because C-cells do not take up iodine. Missing phaeochromocytoma before surgery can be catastrophic.

Reference: British Thyroid Association Guidelines; Endocrine Society MEN2 Guidance