Aflatoxin exposure — DTM&H MCQ

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ModerateEnvironmental and occupational healthAflatoxin exposureDTM&H

A rural community relying on stored maize after floods develops jaundice and acute liver failure. Food testing shows mould contamination. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: A — Aflatoxin poisoning

Aflatoxin poisoning is the single best answer because aflatoxin from Aspergillus-contaminated grains can cause acute hepatic injury and increases liver cancer risk. Cassava cyanide poisoning is plausible in a related presentation, but it is less appropriate because it does not fit the key discriminator in this vignette. The teaching point is that safe drying and storage of grains are key preventive measures.

Reference: WHO snakebite envenoming strategy; WHO heat-health guidance; Manson's Tropical Diseases