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TARGIT IORT — SCE Medical Oncology MCQ

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ModerateBreast CancerTARGIT IORTSCE Medical Oncology

A 55-year-old woman with early breast cancer undergoes BCS. She is offered an intraoperative radiotherapy boost (TARGIT-A trial approach) during surgery. What does TARGIT deliver?

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Correct answer: D — A single intraoperative dose of targeted radiation to the tumour bed using the Intrabeam device — the TARGIT-A trial showed non-inferior local recurrence rates to conventional EBRT for selected low-risk patients

TARGIT-A (targeted intraoperative RT) delivers a single 20 Gy dose to the tumour cavity during lumpectomy using the Intrabeam device. For selected low-risk patients (≥45 years, ER+, ≤3.5 cm, grade 1-2, N0), TARGIT as the sole radiation treatment showed non-inferior 5-year local recurrence rates compared with standard WBRT. NICE IPG guidance supports this approach in appropriate centres. It eliminates 3-5 weeks of daily RT visits. Not appropriate for high-risk tumours where WBRT ± boost remains standard.

Reference: NICE IPG; TARGIT-A Vaidya et al Lancet 2014; ESMO 2024 Early Breast Cancer