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Guided Tissue Regeneration — MFDS Part 1 MCQ

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HardPeriodontology PrinciplesGuided Tissue RegenerationMFDS Part 1

A patient undergoes membrane-based guided tissue regeneration for a residual three-wall intrabony periodontal defect after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Which histological outcome would most specifically demonstrate that the intended biological objective has been achieved?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: A — New cementum with functionally oriented inserting periodontal ligament fibres continuous with new alveolar bone

Explanation lettering: C = shown as B · D = shown as C · B = shown as D

The correct answer is A. Guided tissue regeneration uses a barrier membrane to restrict rapid epithelial and gingival connective-tissue migration, maintaining a protected space in which periodontal ligament-derived cells can repopulate the root surface. Its intended outcome is true regeneration of the attachment apparatus: new cementum, functionally oriented inserting periodontal ligament fibres and associated new alveolar bone. A long junctional epithelium (C) and connective-tissue adhesion without inserting fibres (D) represent repair rather than regeneration. Direct bone-to-root contact (B) is ankylosis, not physiological periodontal healing. Bone formation within the defect alone (E) is insufficient because bone fill does not prove regeneration of the cementum-periodontal ligament complex.

Reference: Sculean A, Nikolidakis D, Nikou G, Ivanovic A, Chapple ILC, Stavropoulos A. Biomaterials for promoting periodontal regeneration in human intrabony defects: a systematic review. Periodontology 2000. 2015;68(1):182-216. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37029900/