Aphthous Ulcer Treatment — MFDS Part 1 MCQ

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EasyOral MedicineAphthous Ulcer TreatmentMFDS Part 1

An otherwise well adult has recurrent minor aphthous ulceration, with no evidence of oral infection or systemic disease. Which is the main topical pharmacological treatment?

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Correct answer: B — Betamethasone mouthwash

Betamethasone mouthwash is correct. Topical corticosteroids are the main pharmacological treatment for recurrent aphthous ulceration and can reduce inflammation, pain and healing time, particularly when started early. Betamethasone soluble tablets may be dispersed in water and used as a mouthwash; this is a recognised UK off-label use, and the solution must not be swallowed. Aciclovir treats herpesvirus infection, whereas aphthous ulcers are not herpetic. Nystatin treats oral candidosis. Methotrexate is not appropriate for uncomplicated minor aphthae and systemic immunosuppression is reserved for selected severe, refractory disease under specialist care. Chlorhexidine may support oral hygiene or provide an adjunctive antiseptic effect but is not the principal anti-inflammatory treatment.

Reference: University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Recurrent aphthous stomatitis ulcers, Treatment section, updated 28 May 2026. https://www.uclh.nhs.uk/patients-and-visitors/patient-information-pages/aphthous-ulcers