Erythematous Candidiasis — MFDS Part 1 MCQ

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ModerateMicrobiologyErythematous CandidiasisMFDS Part 1

A 52-year-old patient using a high-dose inhaled corticosteroid reports a burning sensation affecting the tongue. Examination shows multiple irregular red, smooth, depapillated patches across the dorsal surface of the tongue. There are no creamy plaques that can be wiped away. Which clinical form of oral candidiasis is most likely?

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Correct answer: A — Erythematous (atrophic) candidiasis

The correct answer is A. SDCEP describes erythematous candidiasis as red patches that typically involve the dorsal tongue, where they appear as smooth, depapillated areas. Burning and inhaled corticosteroid use further support this diagnosis. Pseudomembranous candidiasis produces removable, curd-like white plaques over an erythematous base. Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis presents as an adherent white plaque rather than red depapillation. Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis causes persistent or recurrent Candida infection involving additional mucosal, skin or nail sites. Denture stomatitis predominantly causes erythema of the palatal mucosa covered by an upper denture.

Reference: Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme (SDCEP), Management of Acute Dental Problems, section 'Candidal infection (Oral thrush)', 2026 site version. https://www.acutedentalproblems.sdcep.org.uk/guidance/management-of-oral-conditions/less-common-oral-conditions/candidal-infection-oral-thrush/