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HCV Antibody vs RNA Post-SVR — SCE Infectious Diseases MCQ

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HardHepatitisHCV Antibody vs RNA Post-SVRSCE Infectious Diseases

A person remains hepatitis-C-antibody positive two years after documented sustained virological response. Which test determines whether active infection or reinfection is present?

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Correct answer: B — Hepatitis C RNA

The best answer is “Hepatitis C RNA”. HCV antibody generally persists after cure and therefore cannot distinguish past from current infection; detectable RNA establishes active viraemia. Sustained virological response markedly reduces liver events and can permit fibrosis regression, but patients with established cirrhosis retain hepatocellular-carcinoma risk and need surveillance.

Reference: EASL recommendations on treatment of hepatitis C: https://easl.eu/publication/easl-recommendations-on-treatment-of-hepatitis-c/