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Vibrio vulnificus — SCE Infectious Diseases MCQ

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ModerateTropical & Imported InfectionsVibrio vulnificusSCE Infectious Diseases

A 45-year-old man with known liver cirrhosis and ascites develops rapidly progressive cellulitis of his lower leg with haemorrhagic bullae following a coastal fishing trip in warm waters. He cut his hand while handling crabs. Blood cultures grow a Gram-negative curved rod. The organism requires NaCl for growth. What is the most likely organism?

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Correct answer: C — Vibrio vulnificus

Rapidly progressive cellulitis with haemorrhagic bullae after saltwater/seafood exposure in a patient with liver cirrhosis, caused by a halophilic (salt-requiring) Gram-negative curved rod, is pathognomonic of Vibrio vulnificus. Mortality exceeds 50% for wound infections progressing to septicaemia. Treatment is Doxycycline plus a 3rd-generation cephalosporin. Urgent surgical debridement or amputation may be lifesaving. Iron overload states and liver disease are the principal risk factors.

Reference: UKHSA 2023 – Vibrio infections; CDC 2024 – Vibrio vulnificus