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Evans Syndrome — SCE Rheumatology MCQ

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HardSLE & Antiphospholipid SyndromeEvans SyndromeSCE Rheumatology

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus has a positive direct antiglobulin test, haemolytic anaemia and immune thrombocytopenia occurring sequentially. What is this combination called?

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Correct answer: E — Evans syndrome: autoimmune haemolytic anaemia with immune thrombocytopenia

Evans syndrome is autoimmune haemolytic anaemia with immune thrombocytopenia, occurring together or sequentially. In SLE it requires exclusion of microangiopathy, infection, drug toxicity and APS before immune-directed treatment.

Reference: BSH guideline for drug-induced immune and secondary autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (Published April 2017; current BSH guideline page accessed July 2026): https://b-s-h.org.uk/guidelines/guidelines/management-of-drug-induced-immune-and-secondary-autoimmune-haemolytic-anaemia; 2026 BSR guideline for systemic lupus erythematosus across the life course (Published June 2026): https://academic.oup.com/rheumatology/article/65/6/keag223/8713811