How should I approach the referral of a patient with keratoconus for specialist management?

Approach to Referral of a Patient with Keratoconus for Specialist Management

Refer the patient to an ophthalmologist or corneal specialist for definitive diagnosis and management planning of keratoconus, as this condition requires specialist assessment beyond primary care capabilities.

Before referral, ensure that the patient has undergone appropriate preliminary assessments such as visual acuity testing and corneal topography if available, to provide detailed clinical information to the specialist.

Include all relevant clinical information in the referral, such as the patient's symptoms, visual acuity, any previous treatments, and results of corneal imaging or other diagnostic tests.

Advise the patient about the nature of keratoconus, its progressive course, and the importance of specialist follow-up for monitoring and treatment options, which may include contact lenses, corneal cross-linking, or surgery.

Ensure the patient understands the referral process and provide information on what to expect at the specialist appointment.