What lifestyle modifications should I advise to patients at risk of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis?

Advise patients at risk of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis to adopt the following lifestyle modifications:

• Maintain adequate calcium and vitamin D intake to support bone health.
• Engage in regular weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercises to improve bone density and reduce fall risk.
• Avoid smoking as it is a risk factor for osteoporosis.
• Limit alcohol consumption to no more than 14 units per week, as excessive alcohol intake increases fracture risk.
• Address and manage other risk factors such as low body mass index, history of falls, and secondary causes of osteoporosis.
• Ensure fall prevention strategies are in place, especially for those with a history of falls or living in care homes.

These lifestyle measures should be part of a comprehensive approach including fracture risk assessment and pharmacological treatment when indicated.

References: These recommendations align with NICE guidance on osteoporosis risk assessment and management ¹.