What initial investigations should be conducted for a patient presenting with new-onset floaters and flashes of light?

For a patient presenting with new-onset floaters and flashes of light, the initial investigations should include a thorough fundus examination using slit-lamp biomicroscopy to assess the retina for any signs of retinal tears, detachment, or other abnormalities. This examination is critical to identify any urgent retinal pathology that may require immediate referral to hospital eye services. Additionally, visual acuity testing and intraocular pressure measurement may be performed to assess overall ocular health. If retinal abnormalities are suspected or detected, further imaging such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) or fluorescein angiography (FFA) may be considered to clarify the diagnosis and guide management. Prompt referral to ophthalmology is essential if retinal detachment or tears are suspected, as these are sight-threatening emergencies.¹,²