What criteria should I use to decide whether to prescribe oral antibiotics for impetigo?

Guideline-aligned answer with reasoning, red flags and references. Clinically reviewed by Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGP.

Posted: 16 August 2025Updated: 16 August 2025 Guideline-Aligned (High Confidence) Clinically Reviewed
Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGPClinical Lead • iatroX

Prescribe oral antibiotics for impetigo if topical treatment, such as hydrogen peroxide 1% cream, is ineffective for localized non-bullous impetigo .

Consider oral antibiotics if impetigo becomes widespread after initial topical treatment .

Use oral antibiotics when topical antibiotics are unsuccessful, especially if there is a risk of inadequate application or coverage of all infected areas .

In cases of recurrent impetigo, microbiological testing and possible decolonization should be considered, and antibiotics prescribed based on microbiological results .

Opt for oral antibiotics when the infection is moderate or severe, or if there is clinical judgment that oral therapy is more appropriate than topical treatment .

Educational content only. Always verify information and use clinical judgement.