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iatroX Rounds #27

Monday, 20 July 2026·Neurologymoderate

The clues

  1. 1

    A 62-year-old man presents with progressive weakness in his right hand that started four months ago.

  2. 2

    He has noticed that he is increasingly clumsy, tripping over his feet and dropping his car keys.

  3. 3

    His wife has commented that his speech has become slightly slurred and nasal in quality over the last few weeks.

  4. 4

    Examination reveals muscle wasting and visible twitching in the deltoids and tongue, with brisk reflexes and an extensor plantar response.

  5. 5

    Sensation is entirely normal across all limbs, and a brain and whole-spine MRI show no evidence of cord compression or structural lesions.

  6. 6

    Electromyography demonstrates widespread acute and chronic denervation across multiple body regions including the cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral segments.

the diagnosis
Motor neurone disease

Motor neurone disease is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by the loss of both upper and lower motor neurones. It typically presents with a combination of muscle wasting, weakness, and spasticity without sensory involvement.

  • Combination of upper and lower motor neurone signs
  • Absence of sensory signs or symptoms
  • Tongue fasciculations and wasting
  • Progressive bulbar palsy and limb weakness
pearl. The presence of lower motor neurone signs, such as wasting and fasciculations, alongside upper motor neurone signs, such as brisk reflexes, in the same limb is the clinical hallmark of the disease.

more Neurology rounds

A 32-year-old man presents with a two-day history of progressive weakness and tingling in both of his feet and legs.#24A 26-year-old woman presents to her GP with a diffuse, daily headache that has been present for the last month.#20A 32-year-old woman presents with a three-week history of numbness and tingling in both legs and persistent fatigue.#17A 28-year-old woman presents to her GP with intermittent double vision and drooping of her left eyelid noticed over the last month.#3

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