What dietary modifications should I recommend for patients with type 2 diabetes to improve glycaemic control?
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
clinical q&a library
Explore a database of clinical questions answered by iatroX, referencing established clinical guidelines, SmPCs, and peer-reviewed literature.
How should I manage a patient presenting with symptoms of a notifiable disease, and when should I consider urgent referral?
When managing a patient presenting with symptoms of a notifiable disease, immediate assessment to identify signs of serious or life-threaten...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What is the process for reporting a suspected case of a notifiable disease in the UK, and what information is required?
Process for Reporting a Suspected Notifiable Disease in the UK: When a healthcare professional suspects a case of a notifiable disease, they...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What advice should I provide to patients recovering from norovirus regarding diet and hydration?
Advice for patients recovering from norovirus regarding diet and hydration:Encourage the patient to continue drinking plenty of ...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
When should I consider referring a patient with norovirus for further investigation or management?
Consider referring a patient with norovirus for further investigation or management if any of the following apply:There are symptoms or signs sug...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What infection control measures should be implemented in a primary care setting to prevent the spread of norovirus?
Infection control measures to prevent the spread of norovirus in a primary care setting include:Ensure thorough handwashing with...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
How should I manage a patient with norovirus who presents with severe dehydration?
Management of a patient with norovirus presenting with severe dehydration involves prompt assessment and rehydration therapy.For seve...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
When should I consider referring a patient for specialist assessment regarding non-invasive ventilation therapy?
Consider referring a patient for specialist assessment regarding non-invasive ventilation when they develop worsening respiratory impairment, such as increas...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
How should I monitor a patient on NIV for potential complications or treatment failure?
Monitor the symptoms and signs listed in table 1 to detect potential respiratory impairment, including breathlessness, increased respiratory rate, orthopnoea...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the key contraindications for the use of non-invasive ventilation in a primary care setting?
Key contraindications for the use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in a primary care setting include:Severe bulbar impairment o...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
How can I differentiate between patients who would benefit from CPAP versus BiPAP in the management of respiratory distress?
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is generally indicated for patients with respiratory distress who require maintenance of airway p...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the indications for initiating non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in patients with acute respiratory failure?
Indications for initiating non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in patients with acute respiratory failure include:Presence of hyperca...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
How can I effectively communicate with parents or guardians when there are concerns about non-accidental injury?
Effectively communicating with parents or guardians when there are concerns about non-accidental injury involves several key steps:...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What documentation and reporting procedures should I follow when I suspect a case of non-accidental injury?
Record in the child's clinical record exactly what is observed and heard from whom and when, and why this is of concern. At this point, consider, suspect or ...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the referral criteria for suspected non-accidental injury to child protection services or paediatric specialists?
Referral to child protection services or paediatric specialists should be considered if there is suspicion of child maltreatment based on specific injury pat...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
How should I approach the initial assessment of a child with suspected non-accidental injury in a primary care setting?
In the initial assessment of a child with suspected non-accidental injury, it is important to listen and observe, gathering information from various sources ...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the key clinical signs and symptoms that may indicate a non-accidental injury in children?
Suspect child maltreatment if a child has bruising in the shape of a hand, ligature, stick, teeth mark, grip or implement 1....
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the referral criteria for a patient with nipple discharge that raises suspicion for malignancy?
Referral criteria for nipple discharge suspicious of malignancy:Refer patients aged 50 and over presenting with nipple changes o...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
Which investigations should be considered for a patient presenting with unilateral nipple discharge?
Investigations for unilateral nipple discharge should include:Clinical breast examination to assess for any pal...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the key clinical features that differentiate physiological from pathological nipple discharge?
Key clinical features differentiating physiological from pathological nipple discharge include the nature, laterality, and associated symptoms of the...
22 Aug 2025View Answer →