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Medically unstable restrictive eating disorder with high refeeding risk — MRCEM SBA MCQ

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HardMental health and behavioural emergenciesMedically unstable restrictive eating disorder with high refeeding riskMRCEM SBA

A 28-year-old woman presents to the emergency department after a near-syncope episode. She describes severe dietary restriction, self-induced vomiting and an intense fear of weight gain. Her weight has fallen from 89 kg to 70 kg in 10 weeks; at 1.75 m tall, her current BMI is 22.9 kg/m². She has had negligible nutritional intake for 11 days. Her pulse is 46/min, blood pressure is 92/56 mmHg, potassium is 2.6 mmol/L and phosphate is 0.59 mmol/L. An ECG shows sinus bradycardia, U waves and a QTc of 510 ms. She agrees to treatment. The available specialist eating-disorder unit cannot provide continuous cardiac monitoring. Which initial management and disposition plan is most appropriate?

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Correct answer: E — Arrange cardiac-monitored medical admission, electrolyte replacement and thiamine-supported supervised refeeding.

Her BMI does not establish medical safety. She has lost approximately 21% of her weight in 10 weeks, and her hypokalaemia, bradycardia and prolonged QTc indicate immediate cardiac risk. Severe electrolyte disturbance warrants acute medical care; the available eating-disorder unit lacks the monitoring she needs. Medical admission should include cardiac monitoring, urgent electrolyte replacement and input from the specialist eating-disorder team. ([nice.org.uk](https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/NG69/chapter/recommendations)) Negligible intake for more than 10 days and low pre-feeding potassium and phosphate each independently indicate high risk of refeeding problems. Give thiamine before feeding and initiate supervised nutrition with close biochemical and clinical monitoring while correcting electrolytes; complete pre-feeding biochemical normalisation is not required. ([nice.org.uk](https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg32/chapter/Recommendations)) A offers specialist care but not the necessary cardiac monitoring; it may become suitable after medical stabilisation. B selects the right setting but delays nutritional treatment unnecessarily. C selects the right setting but disregards refeeding risk. D includes appropriate nutritional precautions but day-unit care cannot provide the inpatient monitoring required by her current abnormalities. ([nice.org.uk](https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/NG69/chapter/recommendations))

Reference: Eating disorders: recognition and treatment (NG69), recommendations (Updated 16 December 2020) — https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/NG69/chapter/recommendations Nutrition support for adults (CG32), recommendations (Updated 4 August 2017) — https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg32/chapter/Recommendations Medical Emergencies in Eating Disorders: Guidance on Recognition and Management (MEED), CR233 (May 2022) — https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/docs/default-source/improving-care/better-mh-policy/college-reports/college-report-cr233-medical-emergencies-in-eating-disorders-%28meed%29-guidance.pdf?sfvrsn=2d327483_52