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Traumatic brain injury (physiology) — DIPIMC MCQ

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HardPre-Hospital TraumaTraumatic brain injury (physiology)DIPIMCDipIMC

A patient with a severe traumatic brain injury has been intubated by a critical care team and you are managing ventilation and circulation during transfer. Oxygen saturations are 99 percent, end-tidal carbon dioxide is 3.2 kPa and the blood pressure is 95/60.

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

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Correct answer: BAdjust ventilation to normocapnia and maintain the systolic pressure above 110 mmHg.

Secondary brain injury is driven by hypoxia, hypotension and inappropriate carbon dioxide levels, so ventilation targets normocapnia of around 4.5 to 5.0 kPa and the systolic pressure is kept above roughly 110 mmHg in isolated head injury. Routine hyperventilation causes cerebral vasoconstriction and ischaemia. Permissive hypotension is contraindicated when significant brain injury is present.

Reference: NICE NG232 (Head injury)