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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateRespiratoryBronchopulmonary dysplasiaRACP Paediatrics

An infant born at 25 weeks remains oxygen dependent at 36 weeks corrected gestation. He has intermittent tachypnoea, poor growth and a chest radiograph showing diffuse hazy change after prolonged ventilation. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

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Correct answer: A — Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Oxygen requirement at 36 weeks corrected gestation after extreme prematurity and prolonged respiratory support is consistent with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Transient tachypnoea resolves in the newborn period and does not cause chronic oxygen dependence. The pearl is that growth, feeding and pulmonary hypertension surveillance are central in follow-up of severe BPD.

Reference: RCH Clinical Practice Guidelines; Therapeutic Guidelines (eTG)