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Pulmonary tuberculosis — RACP Adult Medicine MCQ

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ModerateInfectious diseasesPulmonary tuberculosisRACP Adult Medicine

A 45-year-old man born overseas has 2 months of cough, fevers, night sweats and weight loss. Chest radiograph shows right upper-zone cavitation. He is clinically stable and can produce sputum. What is the most appropriate investigation?

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Correct answer: ESputum acid-fast bacilli smear, mycobacterial culture and nucleic acid amplification testing

Suspected pulmonary TB requires respiratory samples for AFB smear, culture and NAAT, with infection-control precautions and notification processes. A routine bacterial culture or skin test alone cannot confirm active pulmonary TB. Steroids and delayed imaging risk transmission and delayed treatment.

Reference: Therapeutic Guidelines (eTG) Antibiotic; Australian TB guidelines