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Postoperative proximal deep venous thrombosis — USMLE Step 3 MCQ

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HardSurgery (post-operative, follow-up)Postoperative proximal deep venous thrombosisUSMLE Step 3

A 68-year-old man underwent total hip arthroplasty 4 days ago. He has increasing calf swelling and pain. Temperature is 37.4 C, heart rate is 92/min, and oxygen saturation is 96% on room air. Duplex ultrasound shows a proximal femoral vein thrombosis. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: E — Postoperative proximal deep venous thrombosis

Unilateral calf swelling after major orthopedic surgery with duplex-confirmed femoral vein thrombosis indicates postoperative proximal DVT, requiring therapeutic anticoagulation unless contraindicated.

Reference: CHEST venous thromboembolism guidance