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Pediculosis capitis — USMLE Step 3 MCQ

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EasyPediatricsPediculosis capitisUSMLE Step 3

A 6-year-old boy is brought for evaluation of itchy scalp. Examination shows live lice and nits within 1 cm of the scalp. He has no fever, lymphadenopathy, or skin infection. Several classmates have similar symptoms. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?

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Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: A — Treat with topical permethrin and repeat as directed

Pediculosis capitis is treated with topical pediculicide such as permethrin, with repeat treatment according to product guidance. Prolonged school exclusion is not necessary after appropriate treatment begins.

Reference: CDC head lice clinical guidance