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Acute variceal haemorrhage — RCPSC EM MCQ

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HardGI/Abdominal emergenciesAcute variceal haemorrhageRCPSC EM

A 54-year-old with cirrhosis vomits a large volume of blood. BP is 86/52 mmHg, HR 124/min, INR is 1.8, and haemoglobin is 72 g/L. He is confused but protecting his airway, and endoscopy can attend within an hour. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: B — Acute variceal upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage

Acute variceal upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage is correct: the clues indicate Acute variceal haemorrhage and this option addresses the immediate ED priority. The distractors delay care, target a less likely problem, or are unsafe in this physiology.

Reference: Canadian GI bleed emergency practice