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Melioidosis — RACP Written MCQ

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ModerateInfectious DiseasesMelioidosisRACP Written

A 52-year-old man in the Northern Territory presents during the wet season with fever, pneumonia and septic shock. He has diabetes and hazardous alcohol use. Blood cultures grow a Gram-negative bacillus later identified as Burkholderia pseudomallei. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

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Correct answer: EMelioidosis

Melioidosis is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei and is endemic in northern Australia, with diabetes and alcohol use as important risk factors.

Reference: Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotic; Australian infectious diseases practice principles