Sensitivity and false negatives — MRCPCH TAS MCQ

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HardStatistics and evidence-based medicineSensitivity and false negativesMRCPCH TAS

A rapid test for neonatal infection is being considered for early discharge decisions. Missing disease would be dangerous, so the team wants a test with few false negatives. Which test characteristic is most important?

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Correct answer: A — High sensitivity

High sensitivity reduces false negatives and is useful when a test is used to rule out serious disease. High specificity reduces false positives and helps rule in a diagnosis. The pearl is that sensitivity is interpreted in the context of pre-test probability and the clinical consequences of error.

Reference: The Science of Paediatrics MRCPCH Mastercourse; CEBM diagnostic test principles; RCPCH Theory examination syllabi