Intention-to-treat analysis — MRCPCH TAS MCQ

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HardStatistics and evidence-based medicineIntention-to-treat analysisMRCPCH TAS

In a trial of an obesity intervention, 18% of children stop attending sessions. The primary analysis keeps them in their original allocated groups. What principle is being applied?

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Correct answer: C — Intention-to-treat analysis

Intention-to-treat analysis keeps participants in their assigned groups regardless of adherence, preserving the benefits of randomisation. Per-protocol analysis includes participants according to treatment actually completed and is more vulnerable to bias. The pearl is that ITT better reflects real-world effectiveness.

Reference: The Science of Paediatrics MRCPCH Mastercourse; CEBM clinical trial principles; RCPCH Theory examination syllabi