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Minimal change disease podocyte injury — MRCPCH TAS MCQ

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ModeratePathologyMinimal change disease podocyte injuryMRCPCH TAS

A 4-year-old has periorbital oedema, heavy proteinuria and normal complement levels. Renal biopsy, if performed, would show podocyte foot process effacement. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: C — Minimal change disease

Minimal change disease is the commonest cause of nephrotic syndrome in young children and is associated with podocyte foot process effacement. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis usually causes nephritic features with low complement. The pearl is that selective proteinuria and steroid responsiveness are typical.

Reference: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics; RCPCH Theory examination syllabi; Lissauer's Illustrated Textbook of Paediatrics