skip to main content

Second branchial cleft cyst — MRCPCH TAS MCQ

Instant feedback + full explanation. One question, done properly.

ModerateEmbryologySecond branchial cleft cystMRCPCH TAS

A 5-year-old has a painless cystic swelling at the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid that becomes larger after upper respiratory infections. What is the most likely embryological origin?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: D — Persistence of the second branchial cleft

A lateral neck cyst at the anterior border of sternocleidomastoid is most consistent with a branchial cleft anomaly, commonly from the second cleft. A thyroglossal duct cyst is usually midline and moves with tongue protrusion. The pearl is that embryological location is often the best clue in congenital neck masses.

Reference: Gray's Anatomy; Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics; RCPCH Theory examination syllabi