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First febrile urinary tract infection — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateRenalFirst febrile urinary tract infectionRACP Paediatrics

A 7-month-old boy has his first febrile urinary tract infection confirmed by catheter urine culture. He improves rapidly with antibiotics and has normal renal function. What is the most appropriate investigation after the acute illness?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

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Correct answer: C — Renal tract ultrasound

Renal tract ultrasound is commonly used after a first febrile UTI in infancy to assess anatomy and obstruction. MCUG is reserved for selected cases such as abnormal ultrasound, atypical infection or recurrence. Imaging decisions should be risk-stratified rather than automatic for every child.

Reference: RCH Urinary tract infection guideline; RACP Knowledge Guides