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Neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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HardNeurology and neurodevelopmentNeonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathyRACP Paediatrics

A 38-week, 3.2-kg newborn has cord pH 6.92, required resuscitation at 10 minutes and has moderate encephalopathy at 90 minutes. There is no uncontrolled bleeding. Retrieval will arrive at four hours. What should the local team do?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: BCommence protocolled passive cooling with neonatology while arranging transfer before six hours

Explanation lettering: B = shown as A · C = shown as B · E = shown as C · A = shown as E

C is correct because the infant meets gestation, weight, hypoxia and encephalopathy criteria and cooling must begin within six hours; protocolled passive cooling during retrieval preparation prevents delay and requires continuous temperature monitoring. D loses the therapeutic window. E wrongly excludes moderate encephalopathy. A risks uncontrolled overcooling and tissue injury. B treats the sentinel event as a contraindication rather than evidence of intrapartum hypoxia; uncontrolled bleeding, not abruption itself, changes eligibility.

Reference: Queensland Clinical Guidelines, Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy: https://www.health.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0014/140162/g-hie.pdf