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Bronchiolitis — MCCQE Part 1 MCQ

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ModerateWheezingBronchiolitisMCCQE Part 1

A 4-month-old infant presents in January with 2 days of coryza, cough, and poor feeding. Respiratory rate is 58/min, oxygen saturation is 90%, and there are diffuse crackles and wheeze. Chest radiograph is not suggestive of pneumonia. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: E — Bronchiolitis

A winter viral prodrome with diffuse crackles and wheeze in an infant is most consistent with bronchiolitis. Bacterial pneumonia usually produces focal findings or lobar consolidation. Foreign body aspiration is abrupt and often focal. Croup is an upper-airway illness with barking cough and stridor rather than lower-airway crackles and wheeze.

Reference: CPS bronchiolitis position statement