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Kawasaki disease — MCCQE Part 1 MCQ

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HardRashKawasaki diseaseMCCQE Part 1

A 4-year-old child has had fever for 6 days with conjunctival injection, cracked lips, swollen hands and a polymorphous rash. There is a 2 cm cervical lymph node and no clear infectious source. Platelets are elevated and C-reactive protein is high. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: A — Kawasaki disease

Prolonged fever with conjunctivitis, mucous membrane changes, extremity swelling, rash and cervical lymphadenopathy is classic Kawasaki disease, supported by inflammatory markers and thrombocytosis. Scarlet fever causes sandpaper rash and pharyngitis but not the full mucocutaneous pattern. Early treatment with IVIG reduces coronary artery aneurysm risk.

Reference: CPS Position Statement—Kawasaki disease