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Croup — ABFM Board MCQ

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HardPediatrics and adolescent medicineCroupABFM Board

A 15-month-old child has fever and barking cough with inspiratory stridor at rest. Oxygen saturation is 97%, and there is mild suprasternal retraction. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial treatment?

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Correct answer: B — Dexamethasone plus nebulized epinephrine

Moderate to severe croup with stridor at rest is treated with corticosteroid and nebulized epinephrine with observation for recurrence. Oxygen saturation can remain normal despite clinically important upper-airway obstruction.

Reference: Canadian Paediatric Society/AAP Croup Guidance