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Postoperative hospital-acquired pneumonia — USMLE Step 3 MCQ

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HardSurgeryPostoperative hospital-acquired pneumoniaUSMLE Step 3

A patient develops HAP with septic shock after 9 days in the ICU. He received intravenous antibiotics 2 weeks ago; the unit antibiogram shows more than 10% resistance among gram-negative isolates, and respiratory MRSA prevalence is 18%. Which empiric regimen is appropriate pending cultures?

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Correct answer: BUse MRSA coverage plus two antipseudomonal agents from different classes

The best answer is “Use MRSA coverage plus two antipseudomonal agents from different classes”. Shock, recent intravenous antibiotics and local resistance justify broad empiric HAP therapy: an anti-MRSA drug plus two antipseudomonal agents from different classes selected from the local antibiogram. Cultures permit prompt de-escalation; treatment should not be withheld in septic shock.

Reference: ATS/IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline for Hospital-Acquired and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: https://www.idsociety.org/practice-guideline/hap_vap/