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Prosthetic valve infective endocarditis — SCE Acute Medicine MCQ

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HardInfectious diseasesProsthetic valve infective endocarditisSCE Acute Medicine

A 46-year-old woman with a mechanical aortic valve presents with fever and sudden left flank pain. Urinalysis shows microscopic haematuria. CT abdomen shows a wedge-shaped splenic infarct. Blood cultures are pending and she has a new regurgitant murmur. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: DProsthetic valve infective endocarditis with systemic embolisation

Fever, new murmur and systemic embolic phenomena in a patient with a prosthetic valve strongly suggest infective endocarditis. Splenic infarction and haematuria can occur through embolic and immune mechanisms. Urgent cultures, echocardiography and specialist endocarditis-team management are needed.

Reference: ESC Infective Endocarditis Guideline 2023; NICE CKS