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Diving decompression illness — DipIMC MCQ

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HardEnvironmental MedicineDiving decompression illnessDipIMC

An adult is pulled unconscious from water and is not breathing normally. After scene safety and airway opening, what ventilation action is prioritised before standard CPR continues?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

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Correct answer: E — Give five rescue breaths before continuing standard CPR

The best answer is “Give five rescue breaths before continuing standard CPR”. Hypoxia is the primary mechanism in drowning cardiac arrest, so RCUK guidance prioritises five initial rescue breaths before continuing CPR. Do not delay ventilation to drain water; abdominal thrusts and head-down positioning can cause regurgitation and aspiration. Attach an AED as soon as available without postponing effective breaths and compressions, and manage hypothermia and other reversible factors during resuscitation.

Reference: Resuscitation Council UK, 2025 First aid guidelines: https://www.resus.org.uk/professional-library/2025-resuscitation-guidelines/first-aid-guidelines