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Iron deficiency toddler — USMLE Step 3 MCQ

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ModeratePediatrics (well-child, chronic management)Iron deficiency toddlerUSMLE Step 3

A 20-month-old boy returns after labs showed microcytic anemia and low ferritin. He drinks 36 oz of cow's milk daily and eats few iron-rich foods. Lead level is normal. He is otherwise growing appropriately. Which of the following would you recommend at the follow-up visit?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

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Correct answer: A — Limit cow's milk intake and give oral iron therapy

Toddler iron deficiency is commonly related to excessive cow's milk intake and low dietary iron; treatment includes oral iron and dietary changes.

Reference: AAP nutrition and iron deficiency guidance: https://www.aap.org/