Ovarian torsion — USMLE Step 3 MCQ
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Correct answer: D — Refer urgently for fetoscopic laser photocoagulation of placental anastomoses
The best answer is “Refer urgently for fetoscopic laser photocoagulation of placental anastomoses”. A nonvisualized donor bladder establishes Quintero stage II TTTS. Between 16 and 26 weeks, fetoscopic laser treatment of communicating placental vessels is standard. Amnioreduction can be considered when laser is unavailable but does not correct the underlying vascular mechanism.
Reference: SMFM Consult Series #72: Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome and Twin Anemia-Polycythemia Sequence: https://publications.smfm.org/publications/574-society-for-maternal-fetal-medicine-consult-series-72/