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Post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia — USMLE Step 3 MCQ

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ModerateSurgery (post-operative, follow-up)Post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemiaUSMLE Step 3

A 45-year-old woman develops perioral tingling and hand spasms 24 hours after total thyroidectomy. Chvostek sign is present. Calcium is 7.1 mg/dL and phosphorus is elevated. The incision is clean. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: C — Hypocalcemia from transient hypoparathyroidism

Post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is commonly due to transient parathyroid dysfunction and causes tetany and perioral paresthesias.

Reference: American Thyroid Association Thyroid Surgery Guidance