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Postoperative atelectasis — USMLE Step 3 MCQ

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ModerateSurgery (post-operative, follow-up)Postoperative atelectasisUSMLE Step 3

A 59-year-old woman on postoperative day 1 after hysterectomy has low-grade fever and bibasilar atelectasis on chest x-ray. Oxygen saturation is 94% on room air. The incision is clean. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?

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Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: B — Incentive spirometry, ambulation, and adequate analgesia

Atelectasis is managed with lung expansion maneuvers, mobilization, and pain control.

Reference: American College of Surgeons perioperative care principles