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Informed consent — USMLE Step 2 CK MCQ

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ModerateEthics, patient safety, quality improvementInformed consentUSMLE Step 2 CK

A 53-year-old Hispanic man comes to the clinic because of a care-planning concern. History and focused examination are notable for competent adult refusing surgery after risks, benefits, and alternatives are explained. Temperature is 98.6°F (37.0°C), blood pressure is 126/78 mmHg, pulse is 84/min, respirations are 16/min, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. Physical examination confirms the key finding and shows no unrelated abnormality that would better explain the presentation. The clinical team is stable enough to pause, clarify roles, and choose an ethically and procedurally appropriate response. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?

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Correct answer: E — Respect the patient's informed refusal

The vignette describes Informed consent, supported by competent adult refusing surgery after risks, benefits, and alternatives are explained. Respect the patient's informed refusal is the single best answer because it matches the diagnostic or management priority in this clinical setting. The other choices are plausible alternatives in related presentations, but they do not best fit the timing, findings, and guideline-directed approach described here.

Reference: AMA Code of Medical Ethics